The First Generation of Computers Essay - 1317 Words

DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS The first generation of computer which is from the year 1945 has been relatively large in size and very expensive due to the technology that we have back then. Goes by the name â€Å"Colossus†, it was the very first electronic computer developed. It is programmable, digital, electronic, computing devices. The vacuum tubes or known as thermionic valves is used to perform calculations. It serve as purpose to solve mathematic problem faced by the British military during World War II. Colossus is used to decrypt secret message from the German messages during World War II. However, the existence of Colossus has been kept secret until decades after the war. The first generation of computer were mainly used by the military,†¦show more content†¦As a result, the electronic machinery or the computer itself, has greatly reduced in size. Thus makes it more economical. Compared to the first generation computers, the second generation computers is much more reliable due to the si ze, power consumption and time taken to programmed it has been significantly reduced to cope up with the advanced technology during that era. The first transistor to ever make a way into computer was in 1956, not to be confused with the year 1948, which the invention of the transistor. Even though the introduction of transistor still contribute to significant amount of heat that can subjected the computer to damage, it was far better than using the vacuum tubes like in the first generation computers. The first large scale computers to adapt this transistor technology were the first supercomputer. These computers, which are from IBM were developed for used inside atomic laboratories, which an enormous amount of data could be handled by the computers. However, the performance of this supercomputers is too high and does not attract the business sector to use this type of computers. A few high level languages such as FORTRAN, ALGOL, BASIC and COBOL is introduced to shorten and make use of abbreviation for the programming code for the long and difficult binary codes. The example of the second generation computers are IBM 709, IBM 1400, CDC 6600(Control Data Corporation), TX-0 (Transistorized Experimental Computer), TX-2, and NEACShow MoreRelatedThe First Generation Of Computers886 Words   |  4 Pages One of the first definitions for computers was given to people that performed early mathematical calculations. Once the first generation of computers starts the definition of computers changes to a machine rather people and that is according to Vonn Newmann’s concept about a device that process data, stores and accept input and process output. The era of computer begun in the early 19th century, when the Analytical Engine was designed by an English professor named Charles Babbage. The designRead MoreCOMPUTERS have great importance in the world today. Since the beginning (first generation),800 Words   |  4 PagesCOMPUTERS have great importance in the world today. Since the beginning (first generation), computer was invented mainly to help human to process complex computational/calculation. Type or classes of computer are also becoming more specific especially referring to its function, such as mobile phones, multimedia player, video games, control system. They can also considered as computer because of its function. Any device capable of processing information to produce a desire result can be consideredRead MoreThe History of Computer Development Essay608 Words   |  3 PagesEvery generation of computer experienced a major technological development that basically changed the way computers operate, thus resulting in increasingly smaller, cheaper, more powerful and more efficient and reliable devices .The history of computer development is always referred to in reference to the different generations of computing devices. The first generation (1940-1956) is the Vacuum Tubes. The first generation computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for their memoryRead MoreComputers Have Been Integrated Into Almost Every Aspect1248 Words   |  5 PagesComputers have been integrated into almost every aspect of life. As we know almost every person uses computer or laptop this day. A computer makes every work so easy, but that will be not possible if a computer was not found. This paper is about the history of inventing the computer. It will explain about the generation of computers, when it was found and the uses and languages of a computer. Inventors have gifted humankind with reformed technology. Whether it is a mobile phone, radio, TV, computersRead MoreComputers Have Been Unified Into Almost Everyone’S Life.1243 Words   |  5 PagesComputers have been unified into almost everyone’s life. As we know every human uses a computer, laptop or smart phones this day. A computer make s every work so easy, but that will be not possible if a computer was not found. This paper is about the history of inventing the computer. It will explain about the generation of computers, when it was found and the uses and languages of a computer. Inventors have gifted us revolutionized technology. Whether it is a anything, cell phone, TV, computers,Read MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1631 Words   |  7 PagesWhen we use the computer we don’t typically think about how it has evolved into what we have today. The computer has come a long way and it is hard to think about how life existed before computers. Before computers, humans had to do many things by themselves. Many complicated and advanced mathematical calculations were done by hand and took months if not years. Technology has luckily advanced which has given way for humans to be used in more productive ways and in ways that have made our societyRead MoreThe Development of Computers Essay1346 Words   |   6 PagesDevelopment of computer What is computer? According to Wikipedia, computer is a device that can be programmed to do a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. It is started with the basic device to perform a mathematic problem which is known as Abacus. Computer has been developing year by year and we have seen a lot of generation or development of computer nowadays. The first generation of computer starting from years 1940-1950, this can be called as the first electronic computer. DuringRead MoreEssay about History of the Development of Computers1478 Words   |  6 Pagesthe people whom chooses their field which is relevant to computer appliances in their daily life also thinks the same and the develop the improvement of the computer from time to time until the computer technology reaches the development that we does not imagine before. When we think about the modern society the first thing ever hit up our mind is the technology of the computer , so we cant deny that the important of develop ment of computer is very important to the growth of the modern society andRead MoreFourth Generation Computer1619 Words   |  7 Pagesfourth generation computer  - A computer built using  Very Large Scale Integration(VLSI) integrated circuits, especially a  microcomputer  based on a microprocessor, or a  parallel processor  containing two to thousands of CPUs. VLSI made it routine to fabricate an entire CPU, main memory, or similar device with a single integrated circuit that can be mass produced at very low cost. This has resulted in new classes of machines such as personal computers, and high performance parallel processors thatRead MoreThe Development Of Computer Development1631 Words   |  7 PagesTHE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER FROM 1980 TO 2014 The history of computer development is often referred to in reference to the different generations of figuring out/ calculating devices. A generation refers to the state of improvement in the product development process. This term is also used in the different advancements of new computer technology. With each new generation, the circuitry has gotten smaller and more advanced than the previous generation before it. As a result of the making something

Sexuality Reflection - 1126 Words

Throughout this course, I have learned a lot about some different areas of sexuality and maintaining healthy relationships. There was a lot I already knew prior to this course, but there are many areas that I did not have much knowledge of and I have grown a lot in my understanding. I have been a serious relationship for a year and some months now. My significant other is someone I can see myself being with for the rest of our lives and starting a family with. One of the keys to us maintaining a strong relationship is to communicate. The book talks a lot about communication in a relationship, whether it be sexual communication or intimate communication. My significant other and I both dealt with a lot of things growing up. These†¦show more content†¦For the duration of our relationship (one year and some months), he has had difficulty ejaculating from partnered sexual activity. We can do any number of things, but a lot of the time, it just doesn’t happen. This doesnâ €™t hinder our sexual relationship, but I do sometimes feel insecure that it may be an issue with me that is the cause for the delay. He has ejaculated on occasion, but with any kind of stimulus, there is difficulty. There has also been a time or two where he has claimed to have ejaculated and he had not, but he experienced orgasm. This was interesting concept to me that a man can have an orgasm without ejaculating. The book talks about many different factors and groups that influence adolescent sexual development. For me, I have noticed that my understanding of sexuality when I was younger was influenced greatly by those around me. One of the biggest influences was my family. From a young age, my mom has always taught me about practicing safe sex and maintaining an open relationship about sex so that I always feel comfortable talking to her. To an extent, she did scare me a little when she gave me the sex talk for the first time. My mom is a registered nurse so she has seen and dealt with a lot of things. To show me the importance of using condoms, she showed me images of different STI’s from different medical books she owns. I understand that there’s no other way for me to understand theShow MoreRelatedReflection On Sex And Sexuality936 Words   |  4 PagesReflection on Experience Growing up, sex and sexuality was not a part of my life. In fact, my parents never provided me with the â€Å"sex† talk and I learned about sex through school, television, and the imaginary world of books. When I learned Columbia offered a Human Sexuality course, I jumped at the opportunity to take the class. I not only wanted to open my mind to sexuality and the topics of sex, but I also wanted to be able to speak freely about sex. Having a significant other in my life has pushedRead MoreReflection On Human Sexuality1933 Words   |  8 Pagescontact with her, to protect my own mental health and possibly physical safety too. She still doesn t know I’m an atheist or am asexual.) And then there was that broad subject of human sexuality. That one was a doozy. Until I was almost twenty-four years old, I found myself still trying to solve the puzzles of sexuality as a topic. I was especially trying to figure out where in the picture I might fit. I believed the framework encompassed every adult human, so the question I asked wasn t if I fitRead MoreDiscussion Of Sexuality As A Reflection For Future Benefits Essay2841 Words   |  12 Pagesdiscussion of sexuality is considered taboo, however to avoid the discussion is to neglect a basic human characteristic. I believe that the sexuality as a concept should be studied and personally reviewed by all seven billion individuals on this planet. To deny the fact that humans are sexual beings is to deny humanity altogether. One must also consider the notion that every human’s sexual experience is to be unique to their own body. This paper will be both informative and to serve as a reflection for futureRead MoreSexuality Reflection1620 Words   |  7 Pagessucceeded to do exactly that   leave students with a sound understanding of the realities of sex and sexuality. Coming into this class, I held a certain set of attitudes, amount of knowledge, and level of comfort communicating matters of sexuality and sexual behaviour. Over the course of the semester, my thought processes evolved substantially in all aforementioned categories. Through this self-reflection, I aim to make clear the factors that governed these changes. Reflecting back on the informationRead MoreSexuality Reflection1221 Words   |  5 PagesI was raised Catholic and the Catholic church believes that sex is for a married couple to produce children and that is the closest thing I learned about sex and sexuality from Kindergarten to middle school. Sexuality almost seemed like something dirty and not in the way of who you liked made you dirty, but it almost seemed shameful to display something that wasn’t modest. School always frowned upon â€Å"PDA† such as hand holding, hugging and kissing in the halls, so I never felt comfortable talkingRead MoreReflection About Sexuality1084 Words   |  5 Pages Talking about sexuality is always an fascinating subject for me. It’s interesting not only because it is unique for each individual, but also because I always hope that the more I learn, the more I will be able to understand my own sexuality. I enjoyed being able to confess to the class that my sexuality seems to cha nge with the seasons. To be specific, when I was in the seventh grade, one of my closest friends came out to me as bisexual. I had never encountered anything other than heterosexualityRead MoreGender And Sexuality Reflection Paper1898 Words   |  8 PagesIn the first reflection essay that I wrote for this class, I explained that while I have had a few classes on gender and sexuality, this class has really helped me further my understanding of the topics and has opened my eyes to many other topics and ideas that previous classes were not able to cover. This class really helped me understand other cultures views on gender and sexuality and how not all cultures view gender and sexuality as we do. One idea that I was able to really see and understandRead MoreReflection On My First Year Of College801 Words   |  4 Pagesuncomfortable yet nurturing journey one must go through in order to recognize the inner workings of one’s being. It is through reflection that one will become more self-aware of wha t potential problems could develop. I find myself disquieted with the complexity of honest reflection and revealing truths about myself that are uncomfortable in accepting. Question 2 invites reflection upon how I frequently regret transferring after my first year of college. I perpetually find myself questioning why I wasRead MoreAmerican Society : Film Review1584 Words   |  7 Pagesfilms. On the other hand, some people may argue that filmmakers do not have the responsibility of creating ethical and truthful reflections of society in films. Although some people may argue that filmmakers do not need to accurately reflect American society, films have created false portrayals of teens, romance, and crime in society. Films have created a false reflection of teens. Teens are falsely portrayed in films because there exists a prevailing idea that teens revolve their lives around sexRead MoreUsf Contemporary Art Museum : Visit Museum1537 Words   |  7 Pagesit’s just an illusion created by velvet- like material called flocking. It’s 2-D art, but it’s like the carnival â€Å"funhouse† mirrors, distorting the reflection image. The median and tools are screen print. The technique used to create the artwork is a new style called â€Å"Finish Fetish†, which are high glossed polish and velvet surfaces. This was a reflection of Los Angeles aesthetic of Hollywood and technology. Larry Bell used a motorized camera that can photograph at 360 degrees. By using this camera

Information Security for Integrity and Availability- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theInformation Security for Integrity and Availability. Answer: CIA stands for confidentiality, integrity and availability is nothing but a guide which can be used for measuring the security of information. Information security generally focus on the idea or logic that how information security can be easily used (Betab Sandhu, 2014). CIA triad can be easily used as a tool for or guide for securing information system and various kinds of networks related to it. CIA is nothing but a model which can be used for achievement of information security. There are large number of factors behind CIA triad like confidentiality, integrity and lastly availability. In ATM machine confidentiality can be easily used for protection of large number of information from any kind of unauthorized access. CIA Triad mainly relates to information security which is used for having control on access to the protected kinds of information (Khan, Hasan Xu, 2015). CIA triad mainly requires proper kinds of information security measures for monitoring and controlling with autho rized use and access of transmission of information. The availability is CIA Triad can be easily used for situation which can be used for focusing on information which is needed in right amount. Availability is nothing but a maintaining of all kinds of components of information system which tend to work properly (Karovaliya et al., 2015). The goal of integrity is nothing but a condition in which information can be easily kept accurate and consistent until and unless certain number of authorization are made. In various kinds of ATM machine confidentiality, integrity and availability is considered to be basic kinds of goals of information security. The entire keypad of a ATM machine generally has ten number of keys (0-9). As directed in the question the thief has broken five number of keys from the keypad. The pin number of a ATM machine generally consist of four number so the thief is bound to select the number from remaining five keys which is available to him. For overcoming the problem and taking right decision in this situation we are making use of permutation and combination from mathematics. 5p4 = 5! / (5-4)! =5! /1! = 5*4*3*2*1/1 =120/1 =120. So the thief is making 120 number of attempts with respect to situation which is provided to him. The answer has been found by making use of permutation technique from mathematics. Biometric authentication can be easily defined as the identification of individual for which is totally based on distinguishing of physiological and behaviors relate to characteristics. Biometric identification is considered to be more reliable and it is more capable of traditional based token and knowledge depended technologies which is mainly used for differentiation between authorized and fraudulent kinds of person (Onyesolu Okpala, 2017). There are large number of issues which can be easily encountered is biometric systems. Various kinds of attacks generally exist to have an unauthorized kinds of access to a particular kinds of situation which can be used for gaining unauthorized kinds of access to a system which is protected by a biometric authentication. There are large number of issues which can be dealt with biometric authentication. Biometrics is generally considered to be associated with security and biometric system is considered to be reasonably secure and full of trust. There are some kinds of issues in biometric security. The issues are Proper kinds of sensors and unauthorized acquisition of samples of biometric. Proper kinds of communication between various sensors, matchers and database of biometric. Issues related to accuracy. Issues of various kinds of speeds Issues of cost like biometrics equipments are generally considered to be expensive in nature. There are certain number of issues like privacy. Issues in Authentication or Identification Authentication is nothing but a verification of a user identity who they claim to be. For this possible case the user generally provides a list or range of users (Koteswari Paul, 2017). After that authentication mechanism is mainly used for authentication kinds of mechanism for analyzing the identity of an individual. In comparison identification is not all compared with any kinds of identity. Instead of that speed is provided with credentials. Failure rates Failure rates are generally considered to be in the configuration and day to day of running of a biometric system (Pathak et al., 2015). There are mainly two kinds of failure rates like acceptance rates, false rejection rates. False negative rates are nothing but a situation in which a particular kind of biometric fails to recognize the authenticity of a particular person (Mondal, Deb Adnan, 2017). Based on a particular kind of situation there can be consequences like personals which makes use of a particular kind of parameter for accessing or safeguarding of a whole kind of a thing (Singh Kaur, 2016). On the level of organization, it can easily shut down the whole kind of infrastructure for safeguarding the whole thing. On the level of organization, it can easily shut down the whole kind of kinds of infrastructure. It can easily shut down the various kinds of things which is needed by data centers which can be used for restoring various kinds of services. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Encrypted Text N T J W K H X K Corresponding numeric value 14 20 10 23 11 8 24 11 Key 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 Decoded from the substitution cipher 12 17 6 21 8 4 22 8 Caeser cipher shift 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Decoded from the caeser cipher 9 14 3 18 5 1 19 5 Decoded Text I N C R E A S E Encrypted Text A M K Corresponding numeric value 1 13 11 Key 4 2 3 Decoded from the substitution cipher 23 11 8 Caeser cipher shift 3 3 3 Decoded from the caeser cipher 20 8 5 Decoded Text T H E Encrypted Text W W U J J Y Z T X Corresponding numeric value 23 23 21 10 10 25 26 20 24 Key 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 Decoded from the substitution cipher 19 21 18 6 8 22 22 18 21 Caeser cipher shift 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Decoded from the caeser cipher 16 18 15 3 5 19 19 15 18 Decoded Text P R O C E S S O R Encrypted Text M W K X Z K U H E Corresponding numeric value 13 23 11 24 26 11 21 8 5 Key 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 Decoded from the substitution cipher 9 21 8 20 24 8 17 6 2 Caeser cipher shift 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Decoded from the caeser cipher 6 18 5 17 21 5 14 3 25 Decoded Text F R E Q U E N C Y Therefore, the decoded text for the cypher text will be INCREASE THE PROCESSOR FREQUENCY References Betab, G., Sandhu, R. K. (2014). Fingerprints in Automated Teller Machine-A Survey.International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: 2249,8958. Karovaliya, M., Karedia, S., Oza, S., Kalbande, D. R. (2015). Enhanced security for ATM machine with OTP and Facial recognition features.Procedia Computer Science,45, 390-396. Khan, R., Hasan, R., Xu, J. (2015, March). SEPIA: Secure-PIN-authentication-as-a-service for ATM using mobile and wearable devices. InMobile Cloud Computing, Services, and Engineering (MobileCloud), 2015 3rd IEEE International Conference on(pp. 41-50). IEEE. Koteswari, S., Paul, P. J. (2017). A Survey: Fusion of Fingerprint and Iris for ATM services. Mondal, P. C., Deb, R., Adnan, M. N. (2017, September). On reinforcing automatic teller machine (ATM) transaction authentication security process by imposing behavioral biometrics. InAdvances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE), 2017 4th International Conference on(pp. 369-372). IEEE. Onyesolu, M. O., Okpala, A. C. (2017). Improving Security Using a Three-Tier Authentication for Automated Teller Machine (ATM).International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security,9(10), 50. Pathak, S. K., Pathak, S. K., Mishra, M. K., Kesharwani, L., Gupta, A. K. (2015). Automated Teller Machine (ATM) Frauds and Security.EDITORIAL BOARD, 192. Singh, S., Kaur, S. (2016). Enhancing ATM Security Using Fusion of Biometric Techniques.IITM Journal of Management and IT,7(1), 79-82.

Reflection of Newgrad Interview free essay sample

Introduction Reflection is a process that enables nurses to explore and evaluate clinical situations and hence identify areas of improvement for future practice. This reflection paper will evaluate the interviewee and interviewer’s performance and thoughts during the interview process. Interviewee’s reflection The panel welcomed the interviewee and gave some time to settle. This helped me to reduce the anxiety level and nervousness. When entering the interview room, I tried not to show my nervousness and control my anxiety by putting a smile, talking in an appropriate tone. I sat down in an open and attentive posture in order to impress the panel members. During my interview process, I used good communication skills such as verbal and non verbal communication, maintained good eye contact and used appropriate gestures where applicable, as well as paying equal attention to all the members in order to create a broader picture. Furthermore, I kept my answers clear, short, precise and straight to the facts in order to avoid rambling and getting of the track. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection of Newgrad Interview or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On the other hand, I was having negative thoughts about my performance in the interview that I could answer wrongly or have a total mental block. This could be improved by practicing interview skills, being your self and having exposure to more relevant knowledge in that area. I also felt that the content of the information I gave was inadequate and may not be recognised by the panel members as succinct enough to answer their questions. Interviewer’s reflection The interview panel member explained the procedure of the interview to give an overall picture of the interview process. The interview panel created a friendly and welcoming environment which helped to reduce the anxiety level in the interviewee, and also interview was conducted in a professional manner by using appropriate language and questions relevant to the job advertised. All the questions were asked at a regular pace and the interviewee was given ample time to respond to the questions. The interviewee was given opportunity to raise any issues of concern regarding the interview. Note taking during the interview process enabled the interviewers to reflect on the answers given by the interviewee to determine the grades awarded at the end of the interview. Use of open ended questions during the interview process helped to assess the knowledge of the interviewee. All the panel members used appropriate facial expressions as well as good gestures to maximise the interviewee’s response to the questions. Despite the success of the interview, we had some issues of concern during the interview process. We had feelings that some of the questioning was too fast and hard to comprehend by the interviewee. We felt that the tone of the voices might not be clear to the interviewee due to cultural differences of the panel members. The panel members and the interviewee felt that the interview may have been more successful if the group had implemented a rehearsal prior to undertaking the video taped interview. The panel members also felt that it would have been more appropriate if we added more questions to assess the candidate’s level of competence. Conclusion The interview was conducted in a relaxed and professional atmosphere which foster understanding between the candidate and the interviewers. The interviewee showed keen interest as the right candidate for the job through professional presentation and verbal response. Reflecting on the thoughts, feelings and performance of the interview will help to improve the preparation for the real life interviews in future.

The Lottrey Essay Example

The Lottrey Essay The Use of Setting in â€Å"The Lottery† Shirley Jackson effectively uses setting in â€Å"The Lottery to foreshadow an ironic ending. In many stories, settings are constructed to help build the mood and to foreshadow of things to come. The story sets up the reader to expect good things from the lottery. However, the description of the setting foreshadows exactly the opposite of what the reader expects. Shirley Jackson develops this through a description of the physical setting, a general description of the residents, and subtle hints throughout the story.The story begins with the establishment of the setting. To begin, Shirley Jackson tells the reader what time of day and what time of year the story takes place. This is important to get the reader to focus on what a typical day it is in this small town. The setting set forth by Shirley Jackson in the beginning of the story creates a mood of peacefulness and tranquility. It also creates a visual image in the mind of the reade r of a typical town on a normal summer day. Shirley Jackson tells you that school has just been let out so you know that it is early summer. Analysis of Setting inA Setting Analysis of â€Å"The Lottery† Setting is, as defined by Dr. Hugh H. Paschal, â€Å"an author’s use of time, place, and props (374). Even though the setting in a literary work proves successful in achieving the author’s desired outcome, readers often neglect its importance. Using realism, the author brings the reader into his work and the environment feels natural to him. Setting can influence what the character does. His environment may contribute to his personality, values, attitudes, and problems. Organization provides the familiarity of a setting, allowing the reader to form a mental picture of the scene.Through detailed illustrations the author sets the atmosphere or mood of their work. Irony in setting allows the reader various insights of a literary work than what was initially presen ted (Paschal 46-49). For example, Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery initially offers a sense of calmness and peace in an ordinary town and leaves the reader in shock with the stoning of a random member in the community. First, Jackson uses the aspect of time to describe the season the work takes place. She writes, â€Å"June 27th was clear and sunny, with the Analysis of The LotteryWhen developing an inspiration for a story, a writer must put many ideas into the process. There are numerous items that when combined create an interesting and pleasurable story. There are many characteristics that a story must encompass to be enjoyable. Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery concerns a small town’s annual lottery drawing and the grim circumstances that ensue. In ths short but disturbingly profound piece of work Shirley Jackson communicates to the reader the theme of the story along with its implications concerning traditions. In The Lottery, tradition plays a key role in keeping one town happy and peaceful.The lottery occurs every year on June 27. Although the lottery may be a little morally unjust, it is still a tradition and traditions are hard to break. The lottery for the town is the backbone of the community. The lottery for the town brings a day of conversation and happiness. The boys run around and gather rocks. The girls talk to one another and the women â€Å" greeted one another and exchanged bits of gossip as they went to join their husbands (268). The men gather, â€Å" surveying their own children, speaking of planting and rain, tractors and taxes (268). The lottery is used to bring people toget

Understanding The Great Gatsby Ending and Last Line

Understanding The Great Gatsby Ending and Last Line SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips As crucial as a detailed setting or the right mix of characters is to the success of a story, nothing quite packs a memorable gut punch like the perfect ending. Think about it: the way a story ends tends to shape our understanding of what we have just read. If it ended in love and marriage, then it must have been a love story. If it ended in death, then it was a tragedy. So what do we make of the The Great Gatsby ending? Why is there so much death? Why doesn't anyone get their just comeuppance? In this article, I'll talk about the significance of endings in general, and explore the meaning behind The Great Gatsby's last line, last paragraphs, and the conclusion of the plot. Quick Note on Our Citations Our citation format in this guide is (chapter.paragraph). We're using this system since there are many editions of Gatsby, so using page numbers would only work for students with our copy of the book. To find a quotation we cite via chapter and paragraph in your book, you can either eyeball it (Paragraph 1-50: beginning of chapter; 50-100: middle of chapter; 100-on: end of chapter), or use the search function if you're using an online or eReader version of the text. Why Is the Ending of a Book Important? An ending tends to reveal the meaning (or lack of meaning) in everything that came before it. It's a chance for the author to wrap up the preceding events with either an explanation that puts them into a broader context- or a chance for the author to specifically not do that. In general, endings come in many flavors. Straightforward Explanations. These endings tell us how to feel about the book. For example, think of Aesop's fables, each of which ends in an explicit moral lesson, or think of Victorian novels (like those of Charles Dickens) that end with the narrator giving rewards to the good characters and punishments to the bad ones. These endings close up the world of the novel, wrapping it in a neat bow. Outward Connections. Endings can also be ways for the reader to open up the world of the novel into the real world. This type of ending can ask the reader a question as the final sentence (like Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises). Even more dramatically, this can mean ending the novel mid-action, or even sometimes mid-sentence (like Kafka's The Castle). Philosophical Abstractions. Finally, endings can zoom out of the world of the novel altogether and become places for a deeper analysis of the nature of life or of being human. This type of ending is often reflective and could easily be divorced from everything that has come before to form its own pithy wisdom. The ending of The Great Gatsby falls into this last category. It's like that extreme zoom out shot at the end of a movie, which eventually zooms out enough to show us a tiny Earth in outer space. Understanding the Ending of The Great Gatsby So why does the novel end the way it does? The novel's abrupt and downbeat ending mostly poses more questions than it gives answers. Why do Gatsby, Myrtle, and George Wilson die? Why does Daisy go back to Tom? Why does no one come to Gatsby's funeral? It all feels kind of empty and pointless, especially after all the effort that Gatsby put into crafting his life, right? Well, that empty feeling is basically the whole point. F. Scott Fitzgerald was not particularly optimistic about the capitalist boom of the 1920s. To him, America was just like Europe in its disdain for new money, and the elites were scornful of the self-made men who were supposed to be the people living the ideals of the country. He saw that instead of actually being committed to equality, the country was still split into classes- just less acknowledged ones. So, in the world of the novel, Gatsby, for all his wealth and greatness, can buy himself a place in West Egg, but can never join the old money world of East Egg. His forward progress is for naught because he is in an environment that only pays lip service to the American Dream ideal of achieving success through hard work. The novel is a harsh indictment of the idea of the American Dream. Think about it: the actually "successful" people- successful in that at least they survive- (the Buchanans, Nick, and Jordan) are all old money; while those who fail (Gatsby, Myrtle, and George) are the strivers. All in all, the novel is a vision of a deeply unbalanced and unfair world. Interpreting the Last Paragraphs of The Great Gatsby The novel ends with a sad Nick contemplating the historic geography of Long Island: Most of the big shore places were closed now and there were hardly any lights except the shadowy, moving glow of a ferryboat across the Sound. And as the moon rose higher the inessential houses began to melt away until gradually I became aware of the old island here that flowered once for Dutch sailors' eyes- a fresh, green breast of the new world. Its vanished trees, the trees that had made way for Gatsby's house, had once pandered in whispers to the last and greatest of all human dreams; for a transitory enchanted moment man must have held his breath in the presence of this continent, compelled into an aesthetic contemplation he neither understood nor desired, face to face for the last time in history with something commensurate to his capacity for wonder. And as I sat there brooding on the old, unknown world, I thought of Gatsby's wonder when he first picked out the green light at the end of Daisy's dock. He had come a long way to this blue lawn and his dream must have seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it. He did not know that it was already behind him, somewhere back in that vast obscurity beyond the city, where the dark fields of the republic rolled on under the night. Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but that's no matter- tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther. . . . And one fine morning- - So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past. (9.151-154) It's clear that the novel is trying to universalize Gatsby's experience in some way. But there are multiple layers of meaning creating this broadening of perspective. We Are All Jay Gatsby By ending the way it does, the novel makes Gatsby explicitly represent all humans in the present and the past. Compare this ending with the last paragraph of Chapter 1: But I didn't call to him for he gave a sudden intimation that he was content to be alone- he stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way, and far as I was from him I could have sworn he was trembling. Involuntarily I glanced seaward- and distinguished nothing except a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock. When I looked once more for Gatsby he had vanished, and I was alone again in the unquiet darkness. (1.152) The language of the novel's ending paragraphs and the last paragraph of the first chapter links Gatsby's outstretched arms with the hopes of the Dutch sailors (the people of the past). Just as Gatsby is obsessed with the green light on Daisy's dock, so the sailors coming to this continent for the first time longed for the "green breast of the new world." For both, these green things are "the last and greatest of all human dreams": for Gatsby, it's his memory of perfect love, while for the sailors, it's the siren song of conquest. These two passages also connect Gatsby with the way we live today. Just as Gatsby "stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way," so we also promise ourselves "tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther." For all of us, life is all about constantly having to will ourselves into eternal optimism in the face of elusive dreams or challenging goals. Jay Gatsby's Life is All of America The novel's last paragraphs also touch on most of the novel's overarching themes, symbols, and motifs: the transformation of America from the idyllic, pristine frontier to the polluted metropolis the quest to win over a lost love, or the imperfection of real love versus an ideal love the way the past always influences, hangs over, and directs the present reinvention and perseverance, the rags to riches story versus the story of impersonation and deception the appeal and ultimate disappointment of the American Dream, and specifically the sense that it is fading away- just as New York has been completely transformed from "green breast of land" to corrupt city, all of America is escaping the pure dreams of its people New York City before the Europeans showed up to trash the place. The Last Line of The Great Gatsby The last sentence of this novel is consistently ranked in the lists of best last lines that magazines like to put together. So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past. So what makes this sentence so great? Close-Reading the Last Sentence of The Great Gatsby On a formal level, the line is very close to poetry, using the same techniques that poems do to sound good: It is written almost in iambics. (Iambic is a meter that alternates stressed and unstressed syllables to create a ta-DA-ta-DA-ta-DA-ta-DA pattern- it's most famous for being the meter Shakespeare used). There's a wave-like alliteration with the letter b, as we read the monosyllabic words "beat," "boats," "borne," and "back." (Alliteration is when words that start with the same sound are put next to each other.) Then this repeated b resolves into the matching unvoiced p of the word "past." (The sounds b and p are really the same sound, except when you say b you use your voice and when you say p you use the same mouth position but without using your vocal chords.) Other literary devices are at play as well: There a double meaning in the word "borne" which can mean either "shouldered like a heavy burden" or "given birth to." The sentence uses the metaphor of trying to row against the flow of current. We are like boats that propel themselves forward, while the current pushes us back toward our starting place. For boats, this happens in space, on a body of water, while for people, this happens in time, in the relationship between the past and the future. Interpreting the Meaning of the Last Sentence of The Great Gatsby There are three ways to interpret how Fitzgerald wants us to take this idea that we are constantly stuck in a loop of pushing forward toward our future and being pulled back by our anchoring past. #1: Depressing and Fatalistic If we go with the "heavy burden" meaning of the word "borne," then this last line means that our past is an anchor and a weight on us no matter how hard we try to go forward in life. In this case, life only an illusion of forward progress. This is because as we move into the future, everything we do instantly turns into our past, and this past cannot be undone or done over, as Gatsby attempted. This version of the ending says that people want to recapture an idealized past, or a perfect moment or memory, but when this desire for the past turns into an obsession, it leads to ruin, just as it lead to Gatsby's. In other words, all of our dreams of the future are based on the fantasies of a past, and already outdated, self. #2: Uplifting and Hopeful If, on the other hand, we stick with the "given birth to" aspect of "borne" and also on the active momentum of the phrase "so we beat on," then the idea of beating on is an optimistic and unyielding response to a current that tries to force us backward. In this interpretation, we resiliently battle against fate with our will and our strength- and even though we are constantly pulled back into our past, we move forward as much as we can. #3: Objectively Describing the Human Condition In the final version of the last line's meaning, we take out the reader's desire for a "moral" or some kind of explanatory takeaway (whether a happy or sad one). Without this qualitative judgment, this means that the metaphor of boats in the current is just a description of what life is like. In this way, the last line is simply saying that through our continuing efforts to move forward through new obstacles, we will be constantly reminded and confronted with our past because we can't help but repeat our own history, both individually and collectively. Which of these readings most appeals to you? Why? So, wait, "boats giving birth" is what we're going with here? The Bottom Line An ending tends to reveal the meaning (or lack of meaning) in everything that came before it: an explanation on how to feel about what has just been read. a way to open up the world of the novel into the real world. philosophical analysis of the nature of life or of being human- this is The Great Gatsby ending. The Great Gatsby ends in a way that feels kind of empty and pointless, especially after all the effort that Gatsby put into trying to recreate his and Daisy's love That empty feeling underscores Fitzgerald's pessimism about America as a place that only pays lip service to the idea of the American Dream of working hard and achieving success The novel's last paragraphs connect Gatsby to all of us now and for the humans of the past and touch on many of the novel's themes we are like boats that propel themselves forward, while the current pushes back The last line of The Great Gatsby is a metaphor of trying to row against the flow of current. We can take this metaphor to be: depressing and fatalistic, that the past is an anchor and that life only an illusion of forward progress uplifting, that we battle against fate with our will and our strength objectively describing the human condition, that we can't help but repeat our own history What's Next? Consider the significance of the green light at the end of Daisy's dock. Compare the meaning of the ending to our analysis of the beginning to see whether the novel's payoff reflects its starting assumptions. Analyze the character of Jay Gatsby to see how this flawed protagonist comes to represent humanity's striving for the unreachable. Investigate the themes of the American Dream and society and class to see how they are addressed in the rest of the novel. Explore the rest of Chapter 9 to see how the novel leads up to its conclusion. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Compare and contrast the book Forrest Gump and the movie Essay

Compare and contrast the book Forrest Gump and the movie - Essay Example Many of the characters within the movie version of Forrest Gump maintain certain aspects of themselves from the book, but also exhibit a few key differences. This is especially true for the main character. The main character, Forrest Gump, is characterized as a person with less intelligence than most. In the book, Forrest states, â€Å"I been a idiot since I was born . My IQ is near 70, which qualifies me, so they say†(Groom, 1). In the movie, Forrest Gump does not come out and say this about himself like he does in the book. Instead, his lack of intelligence is illustrated in a scene where Forrest’s mother tries to convince the principal of a school to allow Forrest to be educated there. The principal states â€Å"Mrs. Gump, he’s going to have to go to a special school† to which Mrs. Gump replies â€Å"He might be a bit on the slow side, but my boy Forrest will get the same opportunities as everyone else†(Forrest Gump). In this respect, both the mo vie and the book are similar in how they characterize Forrest Gump’s personality. ... I do not know how well you can reason with it†¦but I have never seen anything quite like this before†Ã¢â‚¬ (Groom, 112). This discovery leads Forrest to a brief stint at NASA. In the film, Forrest Gump does not display any particular type of savant intelligence. Instead, everything that happens to Forrest is mainly due to luck or being at the right place at the right time. Finally, the film and book differ in terms of how they showcase Forrest physically. In the book, Forrest is described as rather large: â€Å"By the time I was sixteen I was six foot six an weighed two-hundred forty-two pounds†(Groom, 5). In the movie, Forrest Gump is portrayed by Tom Hanks who is a man of average size. Additionally, in the film version, Forrest is shown to have a problem with his legs and spine which causes him to have to wear leg braces as a child(Forrest Gump). In the book, however, Forrest doesn’t have this problem. It is also important to note that the book version of Forrest Gump dabbles in drugs and curses like a sailor(Groom). In the movie, however, Forrest does not do either of these things, and he comes across far more innocent and childlike to the audience. The friendship between Forrest Gump and Jenny Curran is another aspect that has key differences between the book and the movie. In both the movie and the book, Forrest and Jenny meet as young children; however, the movie version shows Jenny and Forrest to be best friends. At one point Forrest states â€Å"From that day on, we was always together. Jenny and me was like peas and carrots†(Forrest Gump). Both the movie and book show Jenny as a nice person who is not mean to Forrest, unlike other people, but in the novel, Forrest and Jenny are not shown to be as close and do not spend as

Auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Auditing - Essay Example However, globalisation is also associated with different business and financial risks. Globalisation can have varied effects on different economies in the world. Various forces like investors, borrowers, financial institutions, etc. are having an impounding effect on increased levels of financial globalisation (Schmukler, Zoido & Halac, n.d., p.1). With globalisation and associated risks, accounting and auditing procedures are also encountering significant changes worldwide. In this report the effects of globalisation on auditing mechanisms and various developments of auditing procedures have been studied. Globalisation Globalisation can be defined as the process of increasing association of the markets worldwide and the interdependence between the business processes followed by different organisations all over the world. Recent years have encountered a rapid increase in such phenomenon. Globalisation describes the spread and interconnectivities of new advanced technologies, communic ation systems and production all over the world (Smith & Doyle, 2002). The two important driving factors towards globalisation are: a) Advancements in infrastructure of telecommunications and b) the increasing use and advancement of internet. The economies of the world are getting connected and resulting in increased opportunities for business concerns as well as rising competitions amongst themselves. There is a development of sharing of international cultures as well. The expansion of trade worldwide and globalisation have brought about significant benefits for different economies all over the world. However the recent Global Financial Crisis has somewhat put a hold on the globalisation process (International Monetary Fund, n.d.). Various benefits to citizens of a country as a result of globalisation includes admittance to increased varieties of products and services at lower costs, increased number of job opportunities, higher standard of living, etc (International Monetary Fund, February 2008). Effects of Globalisation on Accounting and Auditing The number of business organisations operating globally is vast and it is increasing at an increasing rate. This puts emphasis on the development of accounting language which is common to all the countries in the world. Globalisation has brought about significant changes in the accounting and auditing procedures all over the world. There had been profound changes in reporting standards of financial statements of organisations as a result of globalisation. This is quite evident from instances like the convergence agreement that has been signed between International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the year 2002 and the adoption of International Accounting Standards (IAS) or International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by the European Union (EU) in the year 2005 (Ding, Jeanjean & Stolowy, 2008, p.145). Globalisation is having a significant effect on the accoun ting profession itself. With the advancement of information technology and internet web based financial reporting systems are becoming more common and also mandatory for most of the business concerns. The accounting models used by different business organisations have changed. Globalisation has also brought about changes regarding the systems of communicating financial

Rome's Religious History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Rome's Religious History - Essay Example In fact, Beard, North and Price (1998) did not provide any definition of 'religion' in their work on religions of Rome because according to them, modern categories for thinking about religion are coloured by Christian ideas. They would not, therefore, be applicable for understanding the religion in ancient Rome. This was the same idea espoused by Imber (2007). Meanhile, Dumezil and Krapp (1996) described Roman religions as not only influenced by other religions, but influenced them as well. The worship of certain gods became the special concerns of certain parts of society, all of which needed attention to assure Rome's success in war, civil administration, and the production of food and goods. In trying to identify "religion" in the Graeco-Roman world, James Rives (2006) said the concept of "religion" does not seem to be a part of their traditional culture although it perhaps began in the second century. The religious history of Rome started from mythical origins, with its character and development running through the later Republican centuries with pagan response, to the coming of new religious forms during the centuries of Roman imperial rule (North, 2000). There were 12 or 15 major deities of the Romans familiar from art and myth where some are more popular than others (Rives, 2006) For example, it is said that the rural god, Silvanus, appears in more than 1,100 inscriptions from the western empire. In categorizing Roman deities, Mirza and Tsang (2007) virtually adopted the same ones of Turcan (2002) as follows: religions of the family, religions of the state, and religions in the imperial age. The only difference is that while Turcan (2000) promised to look into Roman religions the way Romans looked at them, Mirza and Tsang (2007) said they are exposing Rome for what its religions were. This paper looks into Roman religions from both stances of various authors. Finally, it presents the difficulties involved in studying Roman religions and makes a conclusion on this issue. Aspects of Roman Religions Numina. Religions in ancient Rome combined several different cult practices and embraced more than a single set of beliefs. The Romans originally followed a rural animistic tradition in which many spirits or gods were each responsible for specific, limited aspects of the cosmos and human activities. The early Romans referred to these gods as numina. For example, there were different numina for ploughing, for horses, and for cattle. There were no temples or statues, but the rites were clean and simple and they were practiced with an exactness believed pleasing to gods (Mirza and Tsang, 2007). Influences. Early in the history of the Roman Republic, foreign gods were imported especially from Greece, which had a great cultural influence on the Romans. In addition, the Romans connected some of their indigenous deities with Greek gods and goddesses. As the Roman Empire expanded and included people from a variety of cultures, there were more and more gods. The legions brought home cults originating from Egypt, Britain, Iberia, Germany, India and Persia. The cults of Cybele, Isis, and Mithras were particularly important. The ancient Roman beliefs and practices continued, including the worship of the lares and penates or spirits specific to a family, with altars in the home, the festivals such as the Lupercalia and Saturnalia, and a complex system of lucky and unlucky days (Mirza and

The Main Tourist Destinations Of Edinburgh Tourism Essay

The Main Tourist Destinations Of Edinburgh Tourism Essay Tourism is not a new phenomenon: Smith (2004:25) noted: tourism and travel have been part of the human experience from millennia, describing it as a form of nomadism that characterizes Homo sapiens, which is both normal and, under the right condition, pleasurable. However, in the last thirty years, most certainly with the rise of the jet aircraft, tourism has grown in significant and emerged as a global phenomenon, affecting an increasing range of environments and attracting new markets as opportunities for travel have widened. In essence, tourism is associated with the following issues that simplifies of what it mean by tourism. Travelling away from ones home for 24 hours. Using ones leisure time to travel and take holidays. Travelling for business. Tourism is part of a global process of change and development which is no longer confined to the developed countries that traditionally provided the demand for world travel. Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland is situated on Scotlands East Coast on the south side of the Firth Of Forth. Home of the Scottish parliament, Edinburgh is enriched with culture, fine architecture and hosts of one of the most prestigious universities in the United Kingdom, The University of Edinburgh. The most well known attractions are Edinburgh Castle, the Royal Mile, the Holyrood Palace and The National Gallery of Scotland. With a population of 435,790 in 2005, Edinburgh is Scotlands second largest city after Glasgow.   Tourism is a major industry in Edinburgh. The cities popularity grows each year and is now the most popular destination of tourists visiting Scotland and second only to London of tourists visiting the United Kingdom. The city has always been prosperous but its popularity and status has increased since the Scottish Parliament was established in the city in 1999. Edinburgh an important commercial centre and has improved its financial status through decentralisation, which has increased the number of government services in the city and attracted businesses to Edinburgh. Task-1 Map of Edinburgh Main Tourist Destinations of Edinburg: Isle of Skye: The Isle of Skye is famed for its romantic and picturesque hills with rugged ridges and its remote coastline and sea lochs. The Red Hills (or Red Cuillin) and Cuillin (or Black Cuillin) are the most well-known ranges with the Old Man of Storrs a well-known feature. Come home to Skye, the worlds favourite island, recently voted 4th best island in the world by National Geographic magazine and movie film location of BLESSED, starring James Nesbitt. Approximately 400,000 visitors go to the Isle of Skye each year. Royal yacht Britannia: The Yacht today looks just as she would have appeared to Royal honeymooners, world leaders, and the thousands that visited her during years of faithful service. Visitor numbers have dramatically exceeded expectations, with 436,000 paying visitors in the first year. It was judged the best new tourist attraction in the UK in 1999, and was awarded a Five Star Visitor Attraction rating by the Scottish Tourist Board in 2001. Approximately 350,000 visitors go to the Royal yacht Britannia each year. Edinburgh Dungeon: A recent addition to Edinburgh Dungeon is the Mary Kings Ghost display, which has won rave reviews from many visitors. The realistic exhibit focuses on 1646, during the British Civil Wars, and an era when periodic outbreaks of the plague that had ravaged Great Britain since the 14th century was a threat feared by one and all. Approximately 300,000 visitors go to the Edinburgh Dungeon each year. Linlithgow Place: Linlithgow Palace was once a magnificent palace built and lived in by successive Stewart kings and where Mary Queen of Scots was born. Though in ruins now, it is still an impressive and exciting site and provides a wonderful opportunity to investigate life at the court of the Stewart monarchs. Linlithgows origins are lost in the mists of time.   It is likely that the town grew up around the royal residence.   By the beginning of the 12th Century King David 1sts Charter reveals it already well-established as a burgh with a mansion and a church, given by King David to the newly founded Augustinian Priory of St Andrews.   Malcolm IV and Wiliam the Lion are known to have lived in Linlithgow occasionally and there was a school in Williams reign. Approximately 350,000 visitors go to the Linlithgow Place each year. Loch Ness: The Great Glen in the Scottish highlands is a rift valley 60 miles long and contains thj,ree famous lochs, Lochy, Oich and Ness. The most famous of these is Loch Ness because of the monster said to lurk in its deep waters.   It is deeper than the North Sea and is very long and very, very narrow and has never been known to freeze. Approximately 250,000 visitors go to the Loch Ness each year. Museum of Edinburgh: The Museum of Edinburgh is housed in a series of 16th  to 18th century buildings arranged around a close a street with an entrance but no exit. The writer Robert Chambers called the property the speaking house because of the 16th century Latin inscriptions on the front of the building. By the 19th century the rooms were so sub-divided that  323 tenants lived there in 1851. Approximately 400,000 visitors go to the Museum of Edinburgh each year. Stirling Castle: Stirling Castle is a great symbol of Scottish independence and a source of enduring national pride. The castles long, turbulent history is associated with great figures from Scotlands past, such as William Wallace, Robert the Bruce and Mary Queen of Scots. Approximately 250,000 visitors go to the Stirling Castle each year. Royal Mile: , People have been living on Castlehill for the last 7000 years . The castle area has been a hillfort for over 2000 years. The name Edinburgh comes from the ancient Gaelic Dun Eidyn which means hill fort on the sloping ridge. The Royal Mile runs down the East shoulder of this once active volcano and this is what gives the Royal mile its distinguishable geographical location. It was 325 million years ago during an ice age that the immense pressure of moving glaciers carved out its profile. Approximately 300,000 visitors go to the Royal Mile each year. Loch Lomond: Loch Lomond is a freshwater loch lying on the Highland Boundary Fault, the boundary between the lowlands of Central Scotland and the Highlands. It is 39  kilometres (24 mi) long and between 1.21  kilometres (0.75 mi) and 8  kilometres (5.0 mi) wide. It has an average depth of about 37  metres (121 ft), and a maximum depth of about 190  metres (620 ft). Its surface area measures 71  km2 (27 sq  mi), and it has a volume of 2.6  km3 (0.62 cu  mi). Of all lakes in Great Britain, it is the largest by surface area, and the second largest (after Loch Ness) by water volume. Within the United Kingdom, it is surpassed only by Lough Neagh and Lower Lough Erne in Northern Ireland. Approximately 300,000 visitors go to the Loch Lomond each year. Edinburg Castle: Edinburgh Castle has dominated its surroundings with majesty for centuries. Today the castle continues to attract visitors to its rocky perch. Edinburghs Castle rock has been a stronghold for over 3000 years. Approximately 1,000,000 visitors go to the Edinburg Castle each year. Arthurs Seat: Arthurs Seat is the main peak of the group of hills which form most of holy rood Park, a wild piece of highland landscape in the centre of the city of Edinburgh, about a mile to the east of Edinburgh Castle. The hill rises above the city to a height of 251  m (823 ft), provides excellent panoramic views of the city, is quite easy to climb, and is a popular walk. Though it can be climbed from almost any direction, the easiest and simplest ascent is from the East, where a grassy slope rises above Dunsa pie Loch. Approximately 250,000 visitors go to the Arthurs Seat each year. National gallery of Scotland: The National Gallery of Scotland, in Edinburgh, is the national art gallery of Scotland. An elaborate neoclassical edifice, it stands on The Mound, between the two sections of Edinburghs Princes Street Gardens. The building, which was designed by William Henry Playfair, first opened to the public in 1859. Approximately 350,000 visitors go to the National gallery of Scotland each year. Princes Street: Princes Street is one of the major thoroughfares in central Edinburgh, Scotland, and its main shopping street. It is the southernmost street of Edinburghs New Town, stretching around 1  mile (1.6  km) from Lothian Road in the west to Leith Street in the east. The street is mostly closed to private cars, with public transport given priority. The street has virtually no buildings on the south side, allowing panoramic views of the Old Town, Edinburgh Castle, and the valley between. Approximately 450,000 visitors go to the Princes Street each year. TABLE S/L No Destination No of tourist in each year Tourist Expenditures ( £) By UK visitors By foreign visitors 1 Isle of Skye 400,000 2 Royal yacht Britannia 350000 3 Edinburgh Dungeon 300000 4 Linlithgow Place 350000 5 Loch Ness 250000 6 Museum of Edinburgh 400000 7 Stirling Castle 400000 8 Royal Mile 300000 9 Loch Lomond 300000 10 Edinburg Castle 1000000 11 Arthurs Seat 250000 12 National gallery of Scotland 350000 13 Princes Street 450000 14 Task-2 Isle of Skye The Island of Skye, situated off the West coast of Mainland Scotland, is the largest and best known of the Inner Hebrides. The island has been occupied since the  Mesolithic  period and has a colourful history including a time of  Norse  rule and a long period of domination by  Clan MacLeod  and  Clan Donald. It is famed and renowned for its romantic and picturesque hills with rugged ridges and its remote coastline and sea lochs. Moreover its spectacular scenery, vibrant culture and heritage, and its abundant wildlife including the  Golden Eagle,  Red Deer  and  Atlantic Salmon. Skye has a strong musical tradition reaching back through the centuries, and for an island of less than ten thousand people it has given the world a long list of renowned artists in a surprising variety of genres. Gaelic culture and heritage pervade the atmosphere, each part of the Island having its own tales of times past and plans for the future. The residents are pretty self-sufficient, living off the island livestock and wild venison, baking their own bread and growing their own fruit and vegetables while foraging for mushrooms when in season. The largest employer on the island and its environs is the public sector, which accounts for about a third of the total workforce, principally in administration, education and health. The second largest employer in the area is the distribution, hotels and restaurants sector, highlighting the importance of tourism. Royal Yacht Britannia Britannia is owned by The Royal Yacht Britannia Trust, a non-profit making charity, and all proceeds go towards her long-term maintenance. The Royal Yacht Britannia hit the seas in 1953, and took the British royal family around the world from then until 1997, when she was decommissioned. Britannia is berthed alongside the stylish Ocean Terminal shopping centre which contains a choice of over 80 different boutiques, high-street shops and restaurants with scenic waterfront views. The Royal taste in maritime furnishings as roaming through the sun lounge and state apartments, marvel at the Queens on-board Rolls Royce garage, and finish with scones and champagne on the deck, now a tea room with a fine sea view. To be able to see all different sections of the ship and have the relevant audio commentary was fascinating. Highly recommend taking tea in the cafe on the Royal Deck. Every part of Britannia includes rich treasures to enjoy. Almost all the pieces in the State Apartments are on loan from The Royal Collection, with kind permission of the Majesty the Queen. A unique five-star visitor experience and recommended by BBC News as Scotlands leading visitor-friendly attraction, The Royal Yacht Britannia is an essential visit whilst in Edinburgh. For over forty years, the Royal Yacht sailed over one million miles on nearly a thousand official visits for the British Royal Family. Now berthed in Edinburghs historic port of Leith, Britannia is a fascinating visitor attraction. Edinburgh Dungeon Edinburgh Dungeon is a fascinating and fun family day out that will entertain and enliven ticket holders who venture into its impressive entry and descend into another bygone world. The many impressive features of Edinburgh Dungeon are the Anatomy Theatre, which demonstrates just how unhygienic a pre-industrial anatomical workshop was, with none of the modern sanitary conditions, equipment or medicines that are taken for granted today. The Clan Wars exhibition itself features a run-down of the bloody internecine warfare waged between the old Scottish clans of the Highlands and Lowlands, with realistic mock-ups in period costume, and armed with a fearsome array of weapons. The history on which these gruesome attractions of Edinburgh Dungeon are based hangings at the Grassmarket, Plague victims abandoned to die may be real, but the treatment, complete with actor-led experiences and rides, is true theater. Linlithgow palace: It was particularly popular amongst the queens. Mary Queen of Scots and Elizabeth I lived there as babies. Linlithgow Palace is the classic romantic ruin, steeped in royal history and set beside a picturesque loch. It was begun in 1424 on the site of another palace that burnt down. In Annet House in the High Street is the  Linlithgow Story, with displays and exhibits explaining the history of the town. There are also herb, fruit tree and flower gardens. it is a ruined Palace (looks like a castle) with spiral staircases, parapets, hinges from the draw bridge, lake views, and lots of rooms to roam through Theres an impressive great hall and a magnificent three-tiered fountain in the courtyard At the  Linlithgow Canal Centre  in Manse Road is a small museum dedicated to the Union Canal, which links the Forth and Clyde Canal at Falkirk with Edinburgh. Loch Ness: Its Scotlands deepest loch. It has its own brooding Highland charm. But without the fable-or-fiction mystique of the Loch Ness monster, this would be just another picturesque stop on the Scottish nature trail. The legend of the Loch Ness Monster in the Scottish Highlands is often regarded as a myth, despite anecdotal sightings and reports of a giant sea-serpent or dragon inhabiting the waters of the Loch. there are lots of information leaflets wildlife tours and attractions in the Loch Ness area, as it is principally a nature lovers paradise.   Visit the Loch Ness Exhibition Centre at Drumnadrochit for a comprehensive look at the phenomenon. Museum of Edinburgh: It may not be the most spellbinding museum in town, but sentimentalists will love the Museum of Edinburgh, or Huntly House, just because it houses the collar and bowl of Greyfriars Bobby, that terrier symbol of devotion famous for sitting steadfastly on his masters grave A series of restored 16th and 17th-century townhouses to trace the history of Edinburgh from its earliest days as a prehistoric settlement, to its Roman occupation and medieval crafts. One of its most treasured artefacts is the National Covenant, a petition for religious freedom dating back to the 17th century; the museum also houses the original plans for the Georgian New Town, and the exhibitions run through to contemporary times. Stirling Castle: Stirling is one of Scotlands most historic towns. Once upon a time it was Scotlands capital and is still known as the gateway to the Highlands Stirling Castle is a great symbol of Scottish independence and a source of enduring national pride. The castles long, turbulent history is associated with great figures from Scotlands past, such as William Wallace, Robert the Bruce and Mary Queen of Scots. Stirling has excellent provision for arts and nightlife. In the centre of the Old Town is the Tolbooth, a popular theatre and arts centre serving the 85,000 strong community and designed by leading architect Richard Murphy. Royal Mile: The castle area has been a hillfort for over 2000 years. The Royal Mile runs down the East shoulder of this once active volcano and this is what gives the Royal mile its distinguishable geographical location. It was 325 million years ago during an ice age that the immense pressure of moving glaciers carved out its profile   Royal Mile  is the impressive thoroughfare which connects  Edinburgh Castle  at the top of the hill with thePalace of Holyrood house  at the bottom.   Loch Lomond: Loch Lomond is the largest by surface area, and the second largest (after Loch Ness) by water volume in Great Britain. It is 39  kilometres (24 mi) long and between 1.21  kilometres (0.75 mi) and 8  kilometres (5.0 mi) wide. It has an average depth of about 37  metres (121 ft), and a maximum depth of about 190  metres (620 ft). Its surface area measures 71  km2 (27 sq  mi), and it has a volume of 2.6  km3 (0.62 cu  mi). Edinburgh Castle: The oldest building in all Edinburgh is to be found within the Castle precincts. It is St. Margarets Chapel, a tiny Norman building which has been standing there intact for more than 900 years.   The Royal apartments include a tiny room in which Mary, Queen of Scots gave birth to the boy who was to become King James VI of Scotland and James 1 of England upon the death of Queen Elizabeth in 1603. The ancient Honours of Scotland the Crown, the Sceptre and the Sword of State are on view in the Crown Room. Authors Seat: Arthurs Seat is a notable landmark, dominating the city.   Known also as the Lions Head, Arthurs Seat is the highest of a series of peaks which take the form of a crouched lion. Task-3 Economic, Physical, Social, political Influence of Edinburg: Edinburgh Festival City In 1947 the first Edinburgh Festival was symbolic of a new era. To the International Festival has been added the Festival Fringe, Jazz, Book and Film festivals amongst others. At New Year, the Hogmanay celebrations are seen worldwide. The city centre has become an internationally recognised venue and backdrop for events. Values of individual festivals to the city economy (including indirect benefits) were calculated as follows: Edinburgh International Jazz and Blues Festival  £2.9 M ; Edinburgh Military Tattoo  £23.3 M ; Edinburgh International Film Festival  £2.1 M ; Edinburgh Festival Fringe  £69.9 M ; Edinburgh International Book Festival  £3.4 M ; Edinburgh International Festival  £19.3 M ; Edinburgh Mela  £0.8 M ; Festival Cavalcade  £3.3 M ; Edinburgh International Television Festival  £0.5 M ; Edinburgh International Games Festival  £0.9 M ; Edinburgh Storytelling Festival  £0.214 M ; Capital Christmas £11.5 M ; Edinburghs Hogmanay  £24.4 M ; Edinburghs Easter Festival  £3.3 M ; Edinburgh International Science Festival  £1.2 M ; Ceilidh Culture £0.266 M ; Childrens International Theatre Festival  £0.29 M. Total economic value to Edinburgh:  £167.9 M. In total, the 17 events attracted an attendance of 3.2 million people. A sample survey of International Festival audiences carried out in 2001 identified that 33% came from Edinburgh, 5% from the rest of the Lothians, 19%from the rest of Scotland, 25% from the rest of the U.K., and 18% from overseas. 67% of visitors said the Festival was their only reason for coming to Edinburgh, while a further 22% said it was every important reason. The EIFs 2003 Annual Review reported that 26% of visitors came from the rest of the UK outside Scotland, and 14% from overseas. Often described as the jewel in Scotlands tourism crown the success of tourism activity inn Edinburgh forms of key part of the citys economics policy. The sector employs 30,000 people ,with visitors contributing in the region of  £1 billion to the economy per annum .The recent creation of the Edinburgh City Region Brand confirms however that this activity should not be viewed in isolation ,rather as a prime target within a broader context .This World Heritage city consistently retains its position as the Uks second most important destination and acts as a gateway for visitors to Scotland . Edinburgh City Region is a world influencer in science, business, education and the arts and is Scotlands judicial and administrative centre. Edinburgh was crowned the Best Small City of the Future and  Top Location for Economic Potential  2010/11 in the Financial Times fDi magazine awards. The city region offers investors a highly educated and skilled workforce; access to UK, European and English- speaking markets; a stable political and supportive fiscal environment; a competitive economy with potential for growth and an unbeatable  quality of life. In world terms, Edinburgh ranks 20th ahead of Dubai, Amsterdam and Washington in the Global Financial Centres Index. The capital is also one of the worlds top fund management hubs and a major European centre for asset servicing. In banking and insurance, it is home to many international headquarters and global brands. More than half of the worlds top 20 financial organisations have substantial operations in Scotland, with a  critical mass  of activity in and around Edinburgh. Supporting this diverse industry is a world-class community of professional advisors and suppliers including lawyers, accountants, corporate financiers, brokers, human resources and IT specialists. Edinburghs legacy for innovation derives from its rich  knowledge economy. Nearly half of the city regions workforce is employed in knowledge-intensive jobs including computing, communications, scientific research and the creative industries. This has helped forge Edinburghs reputation as an Ideopolis a sustainable knowledge-intensive city that drives growth in the wider city region and develops knowledge industries that will be economically successful and improve quality of life. Research and development  is a core knowledge-intensive industry and focus of activity across the city region. More than half of total Scottish research activity is undertaken in Edinburgh and the Lothians. The city region is a top ten European location for science and technology.  The University of Edinburgh  is a world leader in many areas of scientific research including informatics, infectious diseases and stem cell research. Founded in 1582, the University has  attracted some of the  worlds greatest minds to the city, including anaesthetic pioneer James Simpson and evolutionist Charles Darwin. Task 4 : Understand how the UK inbound and domestic tourism is affected by internal and External factors : External factors: Health, safety and security within the UK, Accessibility Marketing campaigns, Availability of products and services, Quality of goods and services, Economic recession in UK and/or tourist generating countries, Exchange rates, Travel restrictions, Emergence of new markets, Competition from other destinations, weather Effects: Changes in visitor numbers, Length of stay, Volume and value of inbound and domestic tourism, Frequency of visits, generating countries and region Reference Task 2:Understand the culture ,social and physical features of tourist destination Task 2.a :Analyse culture ,social and physical features and explaining their appeal to tourist Task 2.b :Compare features of developing and leading tourist destinations Task 3:Understand how the characteristics of destinations after their appeal to tourist Task 3.a :Compare the appeal of current leading with that of currently developing tourist destination Task 3.b :Evaluate how characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal Task 4:Understand issues likely to affect the popularity of tourist destinations Task 4.a :Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destinations Task 4.b :Discuss the potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide tourist destinations

Real Dictatorship Between Stalin and 1984 Essay

Joseph Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union from the 1920 until his death in 1953. He has done a lot of good things for his country but during his reign, he also has a lot of mistakes and these mistakes we also can see in the story called 1984. 1984 tells the story of a country’s authoritarian regime and the â€Å"big brother† in this country how to maintain his regime. I find a lot of common between the Stalinist regime and the regime from 1984. I put my point or view is divided into three parts, and now I will describe it one by one. First one, I have my topic sentence called the common between these two slogans â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU† from 1984 and â€Å"KGB STILL WATCHING YOU† from the Stalin’s regime. And I also can show that the quote in page 2 from 1984: â€Å"On each landing, opposite the lift shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the wall. It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move. BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran. We know that BIG BROTHER is the â€Å"god† in the country in 1984. The â€Å"BIG BROTHER† can be seen in everywhere in this country even if people’s home, so it just want people knows that they should know they need to loyal to BIG BROTHER and work for him. Second one, I will take about the KGB, I have my topic called â€Å"the KGB† from the Stalin’s regime and the Ministry of Love† from 1984. The Ministry of Love is a spy agencies to monitor the people who lives in this country. We can see the quote in page 4 to 5 from 1984: â€Å"The Ministry of Love was the really frightening one. There were no windows in it at all. † â€Å"It was a place impossible to enter except on official business, and then only by penetrating through a maze of barbed-wire entanglements, steel doors, and hidden machine-gun nests. † In another way, the KGB is also a spy agencies to have spied for Stalin, and anyone who was tortured and in most of the times murdered. There is a good example for this is the story of a Jewish man who lived in soviet Russia, and one day the KGB arrested him in the middle of the street for making conspiracy plans of killing Stalin. The innocent man was tortured, and when he still wouldn’t admit that he was planning to kill Stalin, they threatened him by saying that they will shoot his whole family if he won’t, and he had to sign. Finally he was sent to a labor camp, otherwise, he would have died. For this research evidence is wrote by Arik Rattli.

Identity Defined Through Happiness

Happiness defined results from the possession of or attainment of what one considers good. It does not come from a set of circumstances that have occurred in our lives; instead it results from a set of attitudes and emotions that we feel. In today's world, how many of us can actually admit to having found true happiness? Not many. In George Saunder's book, â€Å"Civil War Land in Bad Decline,† specifically his story, â€Å"Bounty,† two groups of individuals, the Normals and the Flaweds, struggle in the pursuit for happiness. In their effort to achieving this, their personal identity is greatly compromised and therefore defined by their income or economical class. Satisfaction/happiness today, seems like a never-ending journey filled with false motivations to achieving it, such as freedom, money, love, or materialistic needs, and justified by futile hope and the degrading of others. As a result, we forget what we truly want and what truly makes us happy, and redefine our identities through what we think will make us happy. Hope is often futile when searching for happiness because we constantly expect more and want more therefore forgetting what truly makes us satisfied. The one and only thing that the Flaweds used as motivation for their struggles was hope. Saunders describes this hope when the father throws his children over the castle wall in hope for a better life for them. He states, â€Å"He threw us over to save us from death. He believed in people. He believed in the people on the other side of the wall† (p. 137). Because the father â€Å"believed in the people† his children ended up searching for happiness in all the wrong places and degraded themselves in order to survive. They were better off starving to death than living a life of slavery and humiliation. In this example, the father forgot that family was more important; even if it meant watching your children starve. Another source of justification used by us when searching for happiness is the technique of putting others down. The Normals had no other choice but to use the Flaweds as a means of achieving satisfaction. Such cruel treatment is portrayed to us by a slave buyer who states, â€Å"This regimen of daytime beatings and lonely nights will continue until such time as there is nothing remaining of you free will†¦ I will sell you and others of your ilk at tremendous markup† (p. 155-156). The slave buyer's position in society justifies to him that it is okay to give daily beatings to others in order to use them for your benefit which was the money and eventually in impressing a woman named Carlotta. Therefore, the slave buyer's false justification compromised his actions and redefined what happiness should be. What we assume will bring us happiness defines who we are. What the Normals thought would bring them satisfaction greatly varied from what the Flaweds described as happiness thus validating the great gap in such classes. The Flaweds wanted to escape their slavery; therefore happiness to them was freedom, which in their world could only be attained if one was a Normal. Saunders reveals Connie's struggle for happiness when he states, .. She fell for a Client, the Normal son of a transportation mogul†¦ then while touring with his parents, he saw her hunched over†¦ and that was that†¦ Connie's flaw is a slight, very slight, vestigial tail†¦ she went through a bad depression and tried to sand it off†¦ When she came out she was humiliated and refused to speak† (p. 96-97). To Connie, happiness meant falling in love with a Normal and being considered a Normal, and because she failed in doing so, she tried cutting her flaw off and ended up depressed and humiliated. What made her happy defined who she was, a person who couldn't appreciate or wear her flaw proudly. The Normals, however, defined their happiness in several different ways because they had the option available for them in doing so. To some Normals, happiness came from money, to some from love, and to a lot of others, materialistic matters. A perfect example of happiness through materialistic needs is the Normal family who make a living out of potatoes. The husband states, â€Å"If you want something nice, you've got to get it for yourself. I want a generator for my family. Lights at night. A fan in the summer. And I'm getting them! † (p. 133). The guy had nine kids and a wife and just kept himself busy and working to find his happiness in buying those things. The parents fail to take care of their children and value their family and put all that aside to buy nice things for themselves. Here, their identity is compromised and based on their materialistic needs. Happiness today is described by society as having a great job a nice car and an amazing wardrobe. However we fail to realize that this is not true happiness. The more we have does not equal the more happiness. At the end of â€Å"Bounty,† after Cole finds his sister and makes sure that she is okay, he continues to find something else to do in keeping him busy by joining the rebel group at the end. This is the scary truth that we face in our daily lives. We need to go to college, find a career that will grant us great money, and settle down. At the end we call this happiness. The more we have going for us in our lives, the more content we are. Think about plastic surgery. After fixing one flaw, we discover another, and until we fix all of them, we end up feeling â€Å"happy. † We fail to hold on to what is more important, such as health, family, and security, and cling to what society portrays to us should be happiness. In â€Å"Bounty,† Cole fails to realize from the very start that he was better off in Bountyland with his daily meals and sense of security. We must redefine what happiness is and by doing this, we create a new and better identity for ourselves.

Heat of Vaporization Example Problem

Heat of Vaporization Example Problem Heat of vaporization is the amount of heat energy required to change the state of a substance from a  liquid into  a vapor or gas. It is also known as enthalpy of vaporization, with units typically given in joules (J) or calories (cal). This example problem demonstrates how to calculate the amount of energy required to turn a sample of water to steam. Heat of Vaporization Problem What is the heat in joules required to convert 25 grams of water into steam? What is the heat in calories?Useful information: Heat of vaporization of water 2257 J/g 540 cal/g Note:  You wont be expected to know enthalpy or heat values; they will be given in a problem or can be looked up in a table. Solution You can solve this problem  using either joules or calories for heat. Part IUse the formula  q m ·ÃŽâ€Hvwhereq heat energym massΔHv heat of vaporizationq (25 g)x(2257 J/g)q 56425 JPart IIq m ·ÃŽâ€Hfq (25 g)x(540 cal/g)q 13500 cal Answer The amount of heat required to change 25 grams of water into steam is 56425 joules or 13500 calories. A related example illustrates how to calculate the energy when water changes from solid ice into steam.

A Biography of Joseph McCarthy essays

A Biography of Joseph McCarthy essays Joseph Raymond McCarthy was born on a farm in Appleton, Wisconsin on November 14th, 1908. His parents were devout Roman Catholics and McCarthy was the fifth on nine children. After attending the local elementary school, he left school at 14 and worked as a chicken farmer. McCarthy later managed a grocery store in the nearby town of Manawa, where he was considered to be a popular person and the store was quite profitable. He was encouraged by his friends to attend high school and so in 1928, at the age of 20, McCarthy returned to school and completed the normal four-year high school curriculum in one year. He graduated in 1935 from the Marquette University in Milwaukee with a degree in law. After graduation, McCarthy set up a law practice in Waupaca, another nearby town. It is reported that McCarthy experienced very little success as a lawyer, only taking four cases in nine months. It is also reported that he supplemented his income through poker games. At that time, he went to work in Shawano for Mike Eberlein. The two worked together for three years until Joseph won the judgeship for the Tenth District of the Wisconsin Circuit Court. McCarthy was originally a supporter of the Democratic Party, but when he failed to become the Democratic Partys candidate for district attorney, he switched his support to the Republican Party. He shocked local officials by fighting a dirty campaign, which included publishing literature that falsely claimed that his opponent Edgar Werner was 73, senile, and implied Werner was guilty of financial corruption. McCarthys misconduct earned him a reprimand from the Wisconsin Supreme Court. McCarthy was exempt from the military draft due to his public position, but in 1941, McCarthy abruptly quit the bench and enlisted in the Marine Corps. During his two years of service as first lieutenant, McCarthy engaged in numerous flying missions, although the majority were training missions...

Snowboarding down a ski slope in Colorado Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Snowboarding down a ski slope in Colorado - Essay Example However, it never turned unattractive or unpractical. After undergoing the 3- year- old training program at the Copper Mountain Ski and Ride School, I decided last weekend that I should venture myself on a major snowboarding trip. What a wonderful experience it was! As I was half-way through my journey, downwards the chaste curves and virgin slopes in the Gunnison-Crested Butte Valley in Southwest Colorado, I felt I had missed a lot all these years. A possessive feeling gripped me that the snows should become my permanent home. strong feeling that, in an aerial view, it would pose the picture of a heavenly cone gifted to the Earth. I wanted to ask someone how he felt about it but people were away at some distance enjoying themselves in the snows. I gave up the idea and stopped for a while to explore the environs and feel its beauty. I could see innumerable slops and icy curves spread over a vast horizon of snows. Overwhelmed by its unending beauty, I sat down and pondered: why should God create this much beauty in this lonely place Why are the minds of people not as beautiful as the beauty of these snows Thinking that God must be having a reason for this kind of set up, I had casually spread my right hand down, leaning back.

Native Americans and US Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Native Americans and US - Term Paper Example This paper illustrates that like the African Americans, the American natives were black. When the African slaves escaped from the European colonist, the American natives would hide them. In the year 1622, Native Americans overruled the European colonialist in James town. They killed the Europeans and took the slaves captives. They gradually integrated them into their society, and the interracial relationship started to develop between African Americans and the American natives. Colonists in the fear of mixed African native and American race due to the runaways passed a law to penalize anyone bringing slaves into their communities. In the year, 1726 the British governor signed a contract with American natives to bring back the slaves but, they did not comply despite the agreement. They continued to provide refuge to the African American. They were reported to have killed whites in the protection of the African Americans. Runaway slaves were adopted into the tribe and intermarried. The Native American system of adoption was not discriminative in terms of color. Native Americans sometimes became enslaved together with the African Americans. Africans and Native Americans often worked together, lived together, and had collective food recipes, herbal medicines, shared myths, and legends. Though some Native Americans resented these African slaves like in 1752, Catawba discriminated them. Interracial marriages still increased some tribes became divided because of the intermarriage between the white men and their women increased. European cultures become adopted as well as the racial discrimination.

Nostalgia and Emotions in Advertisements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nostalgia and Emotions in Advertisements - Essay Example This "Nostalgia and Emotions in Advertisements" essay outlines the impact of nostalgic emotions' usage in advertising campaigns. In the recent days, Customers have been bombarded with different messages all day from radios, TV stations, and the internet. At the same time, Consumers also learn from friends through different social settings. For instance, interactions between consumers and their friends in different social Medias like twitter or facebook. Consumers may ‘retweet’ or ‘like’ something on these social networks and may even comment. The customers’ intention get scattered that it makes it difficult for a starting company to engage them. A small and starting company needs to slide and slip its way through all other destructions that may be inflicting the consumers’ attention. This mode of association is usually a start up marketing that is usually a significant role in the success of a business. Marketing cannot just be defined as adver tising, but it engulfs other activities that are determined as sets of specific institutional or organizational processes especially in line with the product and service delivery in manufacturing, distributing, communicating, and exchanging offerings that are believed to have values for customers, partners, clients and the society. With these considerations, marketing can be defined as an integral part of all undertakings in a business towards promoting the business’ activities to the customers among other stakeholders. Nostalgia marketing is among the different way of conducting effective marketing. This type of marketing aims at evoking a nostalgia feeling in customers. Nostalgia is sentimental desire for happiness of a former time or place and can be triggered by all senses. For instance, the sense of smell can remind an individual of certain cookies or foodstuffs that he/she used to buy from a certain company or store. Taste can as well evoke a forgotten interest like rem embering the taste of ice creams one used to eat in collage or elsewhere. (Wharton, 2013; pg. 54). Companies can use such words like â€Å"NATURAL† of â€Å"nature† to capture the emotions of a customer. The customer may try to figure out how nature may be associated with non harmful or pleasing facts. This therefore drives the customer to going for the commodity. Therefore, businesses can efficiently apply the notion nostalgia marketing since it makes customers happy as they are reminded on certain occasions. This sense can drive or change their buying habit. Moreover, the current nostalgic instability may be a better avenue for businesses to affect this strategy especially when customers are feeling down ridden. Creating these situations to them